discharge after cervical biopsy is normal

Characteristics of the procedure

Biopsy is one of the histological diagnostic methods. The essence of the operation is to surgically obtain a sample for laboratory analysis - a small piece of tissue from the uterine cervix. The obtained material is further examined to identify signs of pathological processes.

The procedure is used to diagnose the following diseases:

Abnormalities of the uterus and cervix

pathologies caused by the papilloma virus
erosion processes
oncological diseases
congenital anomalies of the uterus
precancerous conditions
infertility

There are different ways to perform a biopsy. Their distinctive features are the localization of the tissue section taken for analysis, the number of samples, and the method of introduction into the organ.

In some cases, a biopsy is strictly contraindicated. First of all, this applies to women who suffer from diseases associated with blood clotting disorders. The operation is contraindicated in the presence of acute infectious diseases. It is also not recommended to perform a biopsy if there are symptoms of disorders caused by taking hormonal drugs.

Before the procedure, the patient must undergo auxiliary medical examinations to determine the presence of contraindications. If necessary, they are treated, and only after that a biopsy is performed.

Negative consequences

Almost every woman develops various side effects after surgery. However, such ailments are mild in nature, and in the vast majority of cases disappear on their own. The degree of intensity of symptoms in the postoperative period largely depends on the individual characteristics of the patient. A number of factors may indicate the presence of a pathological process after the procedure.

Bleeding may result

sharp pain in the pelvic area
significant increase in temperature
general malaise, weakness
vaginal discharge with unpleasant odors
release of blood clots

In general, bleeding after cervical biopsy is not always pathological. In natural cases, the amount of blood released is insignificant, and is observed no more than two days after diagnosis. If the bleeding is accompanied by pain, lasts more than 2 days and is combined with other described symptoms, you need to seek the help of a specialist as quickly as possible.

A biopsy is a procedure well tolerated by the female body, which is why negative consequences occur extremely rarely.

In most cases, their occurrence indicates the presence of certain disorders in the body, concomitant diseases or other provoking factors. The causes of bleeding may also be associated with violations of the surgical technology.

Before performing the procedure, you must remember the likelihood of developing a number of side effects and the possibility of serious complications requiring medical intervention.

Conization

One of the most traumatic types of cervical biopsy. However, the decision on the need for conization is made by the doctor and it is made due to the presence of serious indications; it is often impossible to replace it. This type of biopsy involves taking a fairly large area of the cervix, which leads to injury. It is this type of diagnosis that is used in the case of damage to large areas of tissue by a pathological process. With the help of conization, one can not only diagnose certain diseases, but also treat them. The technique of the procedure is as follows: with a special cone, all areas of the mucous membrane affected by the disease are removed.

After removal, a number of side effects are possible, because conization is equivalent to surgical intervention. Women require quite a long rehabilitation after it. The period of incapacity for work is on average up to two weeks. The wound surface on the cervix can heal completely only 15-20 days after the biopsy; during this time, bloody discharge mixed with mucus may be observed. In this case, there is a much more serious restriction on physical activity than in the case of a conventional biopsy; it is not recommended to start active sports for another month after the intervention. However, the course of the recovery period is quite difficult to predict; it all depends on the individual characteristics of the woman.

The most common consequence of conization is that the cervix narrows pathologically, as a result of which the uterus is not able to bear a fetus during pregnancy.

Preparation for the procedure

Before the operation, it is necessary to carry out a number of preparatory procedures. This significantly reduces the likelihood of side effects and complications, and also has a positive effect on the reliability of diagnostic results.

Special preparation is carried out only if it will be performed under local or general anesthesia. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia at a reduced pain threshold. In this case, the patient must refuse food and almost all types of drinks 12 hours before the procedure.

If necessary, the patient may be prescribed cleansing enemas to prevent spontaneous bowel movements. Colon cleansing can be done at home, but it should be done immediately before visiting a medical facility.

The operation can only be performed during a certain period of the menstrual cycle. This is due to the fact that the procedure is effective only for a certain period of time, and in other cases it can give unreliable results due to changes in hormonal levels and other specific factors. Most often, material is taken for analysis at the beginning of a new cycle.

Before the procedure, in some cases, women are prescribed tests aimed at identifying viral infections in the body, including AIDS and hepatitis, which can cause complications if the cervix is affected.

Proper preparation can significantly reduce the likelihood of side effects, including blood loss.

Postoperative period

Bleeding often occurs due to a violation of the rehabilitation regime. In the postoperative period, you need to follow a number of rules, which contributes to the speedy recovery of the body.

How to speed up the recovery process

First of all, restrictions relate to physical activity. Women should not exercise, play sports or provide their bodies with any other type of physical activity. Lifting any heavy objects is contraindicated. During the rehabilitation period, women are advised to refrain from sexual intercourse for at least the first 10 days.

You should also not use any type of medicinal or hygiene products produced in the form of vaginal suppositories. This limitation is caused not only by the possible physical impact on the affected area of cervical tissue, but also by the likelihood of infection, especially since during this period of time the epithelial layer of this organ is more sensitive.

In addition to vaginal suppositories, women should not take any medications whose active ingredients cause blood thinning or increase blood pressure. If this restriction is violated, the likelihood of developing heavy bleeding increases.

After surgery, it is very important to follow a rehabilitation regimen, which involves a number of restrictions, and its duration is prescribed individually depending on the physiological characteristics of the patient.

Bleeding after a biopsy is a common side effect of surgery. If the bleeding is profuse, lasts more than 2 days and is accompanied by a number of other symptoms, help from medical professionals is necessary.

Content

After a diagnostic biopsy procedure, in the first few days the patient may be bothered by bleeding, which is not life-threatening, but accompanies the natural healing process. Bleeding after a cervical biopsy is usually short-lived. There are situations in which medical attention may be required.

Causes

The biopsy procedure involves taking a piece of tissue from the cervix. After surgery, the wound may bleed for several more days, then the bleeding stops.

Sometimes intense bleeding occurs, one of the reasons for which is failure to comply with the following preventive measures:

In order to recover faster after surgery, a woman should limit physical activity, not engage in physical education and sports, and not lift weights.
For 10-14 days you should not engage in sexual activity and not take medications that thin the blood and increase blood pressure.
It is dangerous to visit swimming pools, saunas, baths and open bodies of water: while swimming, the risk of getting an infection inside increases.
It is unacceptable to use intravaginal tampons and suppositories, which have a physical effect on the damaged area of organ tissue and do not allow the wound to heal.
You should also stop using scented pads, replacing them with a sterile bandage and cotton wool. To reduce the risk of infection, it is necessary to regularly carry out hygiene procedures for the care of the external genitalia.

After surgery, the woman must adhere to the rehabilitation regimen recommended by the attending physician.

Bleeds heavily after a cervical biopsy and due to a number of other reasons, including:

seam rupture;
violation of the technology of the operation;
problems with wound healing;
sexual infection.

Important information: How to stop heavy bleeding after leeches and how long (why) does the bleeding last after a bite?

The occurrence of an undesirable situation is influenced by stress, which causes premature menstruation.

Bloody discharge that continues for a long period can be caused by chronic inflammation in the genitals.

Causes of bleeding and preventive measures

During the procedure, the integrity of the mucous membranes and underlying layers of the cervix is partially disrupted. After the biopsy, there is a period of recovery and healing, which may be accompanied by various adverse reactions and disorders, including bleeding.

The doctor must inform each patient about such consequences of the manipulation, as well as indicate possible more serious complications. During the recovery period after a biopsy, each woman should follow a number of recommendations that will significantly reduce the period of spotting.

These include the following:

Use sanitary pads, which should be changed every 3 hours.
Don't douche.
Do not use tampons.
Refuse to visit public places such as bathhouses, saunas, swimming pools, and open reservoirs.
Avoid intense physical activity.
For the period specified by the doctor, refuse sexual intercourse.
Do not take medications that contain acetylsalicylic acid, which thins the blood and increases its secretion.
It is prohibited to use medications in the form of vaginal suppositories and ointments.

Important! You should consult a doctor if you notice any suspicious symptoms.

Features of symptoms and procedure, contraindications

The discharge after the biopsy should be as follows:

not too abundant;
have a bloody appearance;
do not continue for a long time.

If the consequences of the procedure are of this nature, there is no need to worry. About 10 days will pass, and the woman will be able to return to her usual lifestyle. As a rule, the test is performed in the first 13 days of the cycle to minimize the likelihood of complications.

The recovery period differs with different techniques for examining patients. The radio wave method is the safest and is not accompanied by prolonged discharge. Wedge-shaped, circular, as well as curettage techniques are characterized by a longer and more pronounced nature of symptoms during the rehabilitation period. The patient must spend the first few hours, and sometimes even days, in the hospital. This is important so that it is always possible to provide emergency assistance to stop the bleeding.

Excluding contraindications is an important point when preparing for diagnosis.

The main violations for which the study is not carried out are the following:

tumor diseases of unknown etiology;
acute inflammation and infections;
intolerance to anesthesia (for techniques that require pain relief);
blood diseases accompanied by reduced clotting.

Yellow discharge

Quite often, after a biopsy procedure, patients discover discharge of a mucous consistency and yellow color. You should not be afraid of them; such discharge is not considered a complication and does not pose any danger. They acquire a yellow tint due to inclusions of a small amount of blood. And they usually appear 7-10 days after surgery. If the duration lasts more than 14 days, the patient is still recommended to consult a specialist to exclude the possibility of an infectious disease.

Warning and dangerous symptoms, assistance measures

There are a number of manifestations that are a serious signal and indicate the development of biopsy complications.

These include the following:

blood is released, colored bright scarlet;
discharge of blood with clots;
copious discharge;
persistence of discharge, including light discharge, after a biopsy for 10 days or more;
temperature rise above 37.5⁰С. During the first 2 days, the temperature can reach 37-37.4⁰C as a normal short-term reaction to minor tissue inflammation. Exceeding these indicators, as well as prolonged hyperthermia, is an alarming signal;
the appearance of an unpleasant, purulent odor in the discharge indicates the addition of an infection;
yellow or yellow-green discharge (a symptom of inflammation and infection);
severe pain in the lower abdomen, which is cramping in nature;
nausea and vomiting;
severe weakness;
headaches, dizziness;
tachycardia;
decreased blood pressure;
menstrual irregularities;
heavy and prolonged menstruation;
pain during sexual intercourse.

It is important to understand that self-medication is unacceptable. If you detect at least one of these signs, you should immediately contact a doctor who will prescribe correct and effective treatment.

As a rule, treatment of complications is medicinal.

The following groups of funds are used:

wound healing;
antibacterial;
enhancing blood clotting;
restoring the volume of lost plasma (intravenous solutions);
iron supplements for the treatment and prevention of anemia;
hemostatic agents;
antiseptics.

Bleeding after a cervical biopsy for several days is normal. If the amount of blood leaving the body is too large or the symptom persists for a long period of time, you should consult a doctor.

During the procedure, a small piece of organ tissue is taken for examination. In this case, the integrity of the mucous membranes is disrupted, leaving a small wound on the cervix. It takes some time for complete healing. In this case, blood may flow from the damaged area for several days. The amount of bleeding should not be too large, since the size of the damage is small.

If there is a large amount of discharge, you should consult a doctor. The cause of this phenomenon is complications arising from the procedure.

Due to a stressful situation, a girl may start menstruation prematurely. Bloody discharge may appear due to rupture of the sutures; This often happens when the gynecologist’s recommendations are not followed. Pathogenic microorganisms may enter the uterine tissue due to the intervention. In addition, the girl may have difficulty healing the damage caused during the taking of tissue samples for research.

Sometimes it bleeds after a cervical biopsy in patients whose intervention was performed by a doctor who did not take into account the presence of contraindications. In a girl with chronic inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs, bleeding often becomes a complication of this manipulation. This symptom can also occur in cases where the procedure was performed incorrectly or traumatically.

Pathologically dangerous

In addition to quite dangerous uterine bleeding, you should consult a specialist if the following problems occur:

the discharge has an unpleasant odor;

the discharge is bright scarlet or dark brown in color;

the discharge is not abundant, but its duration is more than 3 weeks;

there are purulent inclusions in the discharge;

blood discharge comes out in copious clots.

The reasons for the appearance of pathologically dangerous discharge may be:

mechanical damage to the walls of the uterus during the procedure;
rupture of the existing seam;
slow healing of injuries;
inflammatory processes;
premature onset of menstruation due to cyclic disruptions;
disregard for specialist recommendations.

The cause of complications after a biopsy test can also be insufficient qualifications of the doctor.

Before carrying out the procedure, the specialist is obliged to familiarize the patient with a number of contraindications and personally verify that the woman does not have them.

How many days does it bleed

If bleeding lasts up to 10 days, there is no need to worry. This duration is considered normal. In some women, symptoms may occur within 2 weeks. The discharge does not have a bright color, it is smearing. Their number is gradually decreasing.

If the symptom persists for 3 weeks or more, you should consult a gynecologist. You should also be concerned in cases where there is a lot of blood, it is bright red, the body temperature rises to 38°C, and there is an unpleasant odor from the discharge.

Radio wave type of cervical biopsy

This is a modern technique for taking a sample for analysis. The size of the area of affected tissue does not matter much. This type of biopsy is characterized by painlessness and a low level of trauma, because the surrounding vessels and tissues are not damaged when taking a sample for analysis, and there are no scars left after it. True, the implementation of this method requires modern equipment and is therefore quite expensive. This is a "loop" type of analysis. The name largely reflects its essence, because it uses metal loops through which low-frequency current is passed.

What to do

What to do if there is bleeding after taking material for research, the doctor must decide. It is necessary to first establish the cause of the symptoms. Actions depend on the diagnosis. Self-medication is unacceptable: due to the wrong choice of treatment, you can cause even more harm to the body.

If the cause is an infection, you will have to take antibacterial drugs. It is necessary to complete the course of antibiotic therapy to ensure that the disease does not become chronic.

If the regeneration processes are disrupted, or the organ was injured too much during the biopsy, wound healing and hemostatic agents will have to be taken.

The volume of lost blood will have to be restored. For this purpose, plasma-reducing solutions are used, which are administered as intravenous injections. Iron supplements are needed to prevent anemia and reverse it if the condition occurs.

Treatment with antiseptic solutions will be required. The drugs are administered through douching.

If a hormonal imbalance occurs, the gynecologist may prescribe hormonal medications. In some cases, such a measure may not be necessary: often the cycle restores itself after some time.

The use of traditional medicine as an auxiliary therapy is allowed. They cannot replace medications, as this can slow down the recovery process and lead to a deterioration in the girl’s condition.

Biopsy is a highly informative method of examination in gynecology, which involves intravital cell sampling for diagnosis. For this procedure, a special colposcope is used that can identify pathologically changed areas of tissue on the cervix. This diagnosis has a number of advantages compared to routine cytological smears. However, it is not uncommon for blood to appear after a cervical biopsy.

Indications and contraindications

The purpose of the biopsy is to determine the presence of atypical poorly differentiated cells.

The biopsy technique is used as a necessary or preventive examination a week after the end of menstrual bleeding. Under no circumstances should a cervical biopsy be performed during the luteal phase, since the body will not have time to recover before the start of the next cycle.

Despite the obvious advantages of the method, there are relative and absolute contraindications to performing a cervical biopsy, as with all types of diagnostics in medicine. Diagnosis should be performed only after excluding acute inflammatory bacterial, viral infections and diseases of the pelvic organs or after sanitizing the main foci of infection. When prescribing the procedure, the doctor will direct you to undergo a number of preliminary tests that are included in the standards of medical care.

As a rule, this is a clinical test of blood, urine, screening methods for identifying treponema pallidum, hepatitis C, B, and HIV viruses. The biopsy is performed in specialized inpatient (hospital) and outpatient medical institutions (clinics). The biopsy procedure itself lasts no more than half an hour, after which the woman usually needs a little more time for emotional recovery.

Cervical biopsy. How to prepare?

In order for a biopsy to produce an accurate diagnosis, quite a lot of preparation is required. So, you must first pass a number of tests:

blood test for coagulation;
blood test for AIDS, syphilis, hepatitis;
vaginal smear for pathological microflora - gonorrhea and trichomoniasis;
testing for chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis;
histology.

A number of necessary tests can be performed in the private paid laboratory "Hemotest" or in the laboratory service "Helix", TsPSiR. Thousands of patients have sent positive reviews about these clinics.

The following measures must also be taken:

abstain from sex two days before the test;
do not use tampons or douche the night before the biopsy;
Do not insert medications vaginally unless prescribed by your doctor.

To reduce the likelihood of postoperative complications, doctors prescribe suppositories with an antimicrobial effect, for example, terzhinan vaginal tablets.

Immediately before the procedure, you need to take a shower and wash your genitals. If the biopsy will be performed under general anesthesia, you must refrain from eating 8 hours before the intervention.

The optimal period for performing a biopsy is 7-10 days of the cycle, counting starts from the first day of menstruation.

Why do

Naturally, before a biopsy, every patient, given the traumatic nature of the manipulation itself, is interested in the goals of the procedure. When contacting the clinic, a qualified doctor will definitely explain why a uterine biopsy is performed.

In some cases, the indication for the procedure is mandatory and even irreplaceable. It helps to identify a number of serious diseases in the early stages and predict the prognosis of the disease.

The procedure itself, due to the short time required for its implementation and high information content, is justified even taking into account the subjective feelings of the woman at the time of diagnosis.

It is worth remembering that a highly qualified specialist must perform the biopsy procedure on a girl, since significant mechanical trauma to the cervix leads to pronounced stimulation of pain sensitivity.

Immediately after completion of the procedure, the woman is given recommendations for a favorable recovery period. In most cases, a complication of the procedure is blood after a cervical biopsy. Bloody discharge after a biopsy can have varying intensity up to massive bleeding.

The natural state after a biopsy is minor bleeding and moderate pain in the lower abdomen, not exceeding in severity the phenomena during the menstrual cycle. This should not cause concern, but if anxiety persists, you can call your doctor and get advice. The maximum duration of such post-manipulation bleeding should not exceed 7-9 days.

If there is severe uterine bleeding, changed blood color and odor, the presence of additional inclusions, pain, increased body temperature, this may be a manifestation of complications during the biopsy. This clinical picture may indicate a secondary infection and requires mandatory consultation with a specialist.

The reasons why heavy bleeding occurs after a cervical biopsy are varied and quite difficult to predict.

Very often, severe bleeding after a biopsy results from ignoring the recommendations after the study.

During this period, a woman should not engage in excessive physical activity, lift weights, visit swimming pools, take baths; it is very important to maintain sexual rest and not use intravaginal products unless they are recommended by a doctor.

In addition, the cause of bleeding in a woman may be the inappropriate qualifications of the gynecologist himself. If the doctor was negligent in identifying chronic inflammation and somatic diseases of a woman, performed the procedure in the luteal phase of the cycle, did not pay attention to the pathology of the hemostatic system, or performed the procedure itself in a traumatic way, severe bleeding can become the main complication in the rehabilitation period after the biopsy. Therefore, it is extremely important to first make sure that there are no contraindications to this diagnostic method, and to carry out the procedure itself competently and carefully.

The procedure is carried out by a highly qualified specialist

Biopsy with conchotome

Another biopsy technique, which is carried out using a special conchotome device. These are a kind of forceps with the help of which material is taken for subsequent analysis. As a result, a fairly large piece of biological material is obtained (at least 5 mm), which is preserved in formaldehyde before being sent to the laboratory. To prevent the resulting wound from bleeding, treatment is carried out: a small amount of a hemostatic drug is applied to the damaged area. This method, like the one described above, cannot be considered modern.

It is quite effective and allows you to identify dangerous diseases of the cervix at an early stage; the technique does not require expensive equipment and is performed on an outpatient basis. In each individual case, a decision is made on the use of anesthesia. In most cases it is not necessary. However, modern doctors have more modern types of biopsy in their arsenal.

What to do after the procedure

To avoid a number of serious complications after a biopsy, every woman should know what to do after a cervical biopsy.

To minimize the risk of possible consequences, simple recommendations must be followed. The doctor who conducted the examination will tell you about them.

Basic rules of behavior in the recovery period after a cervical biopsy:

exclude sports and excessive physical activity;
you cannot lift weights weighing more than 3-5 kg;
For personal hygiene, use only the shower. It is not recommended to take baths, go to baths and saunas;
maintain sexual rest;
do not resort to using the intravaginal method of administering medications (douching, suppositories);

The duration of the recovery period is selected by the doctor individually for each patient.

If the doctor's instructions are followed exactly, the likelihood of negative consequences from a cervical biopsy is not high.

In what cases should you consult a doctor?

If you experience any undesirable symptoms after a cervical biopsy, you should immediately contact a specialist. It is worth remembering that minor bleeding and moderate pain in the lower abdomen after the procedure are normal. However, if these manifestations cause you significant concern, medical intervention is required.

Blood should not flow for more than 14 days after a cervical biopsy. A competent doctor, even at the stage of preparation for the procedure, emphasizes in what cases you need to consult a doctor if certain complications arise.

It is necessary to pay attention to the smell and color of the blood discharge. If there are sudden changes in these indicators, an urgent consultation with a gynecologist is needed. In addition, an emergency visit to a doctor will be required if elevated body temperature and general cerebral symptoms (such as headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting) occur. As a rule, such a clinical picture indicates the addition of an infection.

If you contact the clinic in a timely manner, a specialist will be able to prevent the progression of the pathological condition, diagnose the existing complication and prescribe adequate treatment.

Cervical biopsy is a low-traumatic diagnostic procedure. Its essence is that, with the help of various instruments, tissue is taken from this organ for subsequent research. Discharge after a cervical biopsy is normal. But a woman needs to carefully monitor the nature of the discharge so that if it changes, consult a doctor.

For what symptoms should you consult a doctor?

If you have any questions related to pain and the amount of discharge, you should consult a specialist.

Especially if the following symptoms are observed:

prolonged discharge;
heavy bleeding;
burning and itching;
elevated temperature;
change in color and nature of discharge;
abdominal pain;
intense and prolonged periods;
delay of menstruation.

Prolonged discharge

Allocations must be completed in accordance with established rules. If, with simple types of biopsy, the discharge should have ended in three days, but continues for a week, this means that the wound is not healing or complications have arisen.

Heavy bleeding

You should pay attention if the cervix is bleeding. In a complex biopsy procedure, such as a wedge biopsy, heavy periods will be normal. Continuous blood of a rich red color indicates bleeding.

Burning and itching

Burning and itching are mostly symptoms of thrush. A doctor's consultation is required to confirm the diagnosis and find out what medications can be combined with rehabilitation of the body after a biopsy.

If the patient is already taking medications, it may be an allergy to the components of the drug. You should stop taking the medication before consultation.

Fever

A body temperature above 37.5°C that cannot be brought down is a pathology. An inflammatory process has begun in the body, which should be detected immediately.

When the temperature is low - 37 degrees, but lasts longer than a week, it is called subfebrile. It speaks of serious health problems. The problems may not be related to the cervix; a new inflammatory process has begun in the body.

Change in color and nature of discharge

Any change in consistency, color and volume of discharge requires attention. Poor blood clotting and infection will affect the structure of the discharge.

Dangerous symptoms:

changed the color to a more saturated and dark one;
there was an unpleasant smell of discharge;
purulent discharge began;
blood clots appeared on the pad;
yellow discharge with a pungent odor.

Abdominal pain

Pain in the lower abdomen should not last longer than the established norm. If painkillers do not help or help for a short period of time, this is the development of a serious illness.

If your lower abdomen is tormented by cutting pains, you don’t have to endure them. This may also indicate a viral infection that requires urgent treatment.

Intense and prolonged periods

The first menstruation after the procedure may be more intense than usual. A strong deviation from the usual volume and constant pain is a pathology. Menstruation is a difficult process for the female body; if the wound does not heal, bleeding may occur.

Delay of menstruation

Not a deviation. The body is busy healing the wound, the menstrual cycle has faded into the background. You can consult a doctor if you are concerned that you have not had your period for more than two months.

Reasons for delay:

woman's stress;
body stress;
tissue regeneration process;
inflammatory process;
infections;
pathologies (dysplasia).

Victoria Vladimirovna Nikitina on the Family Doctor Clinic channel about cervical dysplasia.

How does the intensity of bleeding depend on the type and type of biopsy?

Depending on the purpose of sampling, biopsy is divided into three types: treba biopsy, conization, curettage.

There are also varieties depending on the tools used:

puncture,
conchotomous,
radio wave,
laser,
loop,
wedge-shaped
circular,
curettage (scraping) of the cervix.

These operations differ in traumaticity, since for each type a different amount of tissue is removed and different technology is used for collection. Accordingly, the intensity of bleeding will be different.

puncture

It is used most often and is done with a special needle. This simple operation, which does not require anesthesia, is performed in literally a matter of minutes.

The woman experiences only a slight tingling sensation. After this procedure, light bleeding is observed for up to three days.

Conchotomnaya

It received its name from the instrument with which it is carried out - conchotoma (special scissors with sharp ends). This will require local anesthesia. The discharge lasts about 5 days.

Radio wave

Hardware procedure. It is the least traumatic and is therefore performed on nulliparous women. There is practically no blood observed after the operation, or very little bleeding for a couple of days.

Performed with a laser under general anesthesia, the procedure is also low-traumatic.

Bleeding can last up to 5 days, while the blood does not flow, but “smears”, the discharge is pinkish to brownish.

Also called electrosurgical because an electrical instrument is used to remove tissue. It is done under local anesthesia. The discharge after such a biopsy lasts for a long time, up to several weeks, and can be profuse.

Wedge-shaped

Another name is extended, since for it a larger piece of tissue is taken with a scalpel. The collection procedure is performed under general anesthesia, including epidural. Women after it may experience pain for several weeks, this pain is accompanied by discharge, from scanty to heavy.

A circumferential biopsy involves a large area of tissue and requires general anesthesia. Pain and discharge of varying intensity after such an operation usually last for at least a month.

Curettage (scraping)

It is done under local anesthesia, bleeding after it lasts several days.

How does the intensity of discharge depend on the type of biopsy?

The days of the menstrual cycle on which the procedure is performed affect the amount of discharge. In the first half of the menstrual cycle, it is safer to perform the procedure, and the cervix will recover faster.

Discharge after a cervical biopsy can be of different volumes and colors. This depends on the instruments used to perform the operation and the type of biopsy.

puncture

Features:

a frequently used procedure that feels painless, so anesthesia is not needed;
A sample of the material is taken from the patient using a special needle;
a small wound remains that bleeds for 2 to 4 days.

Features of discharge:

small bloody spots;
scanty bleeding.

Conchotomnaya

The manipulation has a number of nuances:

a painful procedure that takes place under local anesthesia using special scissors;
After the manipulation, a small wound remains, which bleeds for about 7 days.

Features of discharge: pink, pink-red discharge during healing time.

Radio wave

Specifics of manipulation:

prescribed to nulliparous and pregnant women;
The basis of this painless procedure is electric current;
After taking a sample of the cervix, the device seals the wound site.

Features of discharge:

watery;
less often - scanty bleeding for 3 days.

Laser

Features of manipulation:

a painful procedure, performed under local anesthesia or general anesthesia;
a non-traumatic type of biopsy: the wound obtained during the process is immediately sealed with a laser.

Features of discharge:

white, brown discharge for 7 days;
sometimes bloody discharge for 2-3 days.

Loop

Peculiarities:

carried out with a special tool in the form of a loop;
the procedure is painful, so local anesthesia is given;
Due to the use of electric current, the manipulation leaves a scar on the cervix.

Features of discharge:

bleeding 1-3 weeks;
pink and brown discharge.

Wedge-shaped

A wedge biopsy is performed as follows:

the procedure is performed under general, epidural or spinal anesthesia;
the sample is taken with a scalpel;
After the manipulation, a large triangular wound remains.

Features of discharge:

heavy bleeding for 2 weeks;
discharge is accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen.

Circular

The manipulation has the following specifics:

According to reviews, this is a very painful procedure;
during the process, spinal, general anesthesia, and epidural anesthesia are used;
pain relief is given for several days after the biopsy;
During the procedure, a large area of tissue is cut out.

Features of discharge:

heavy bleeding for 2-4 weeks;
Severe pain is also observed.

Curettage (scraping)

The manipulation is carried out in this way:

due to severe pain, intravenous anesthesia is performed;
They expand the cervical canal and take scrapings from the mucous tissue of the cervix.

Features of discharge:

scanty discharge for 5-10 days;
may smear as during menstruation.

The complete absence of discharge after curettage is a pathology in which it is necessary to consult a doctor.

Rules to follow after diagnostic surgery

Whatever the type of biopsy, you should not go home immediately after the procedure. Depending on the type of operation, a woman must stay in the medical institution where the tissue was collected from several hours to a day. In some cases, the patient, even if she wants, will not be able to leave, since after general anesthesia she will need to come to her senses, and if the anesthesia was epidural (spinal), there will be no sensitivity in the lower part of the body for some time.

In addition, staying in a hospital is mandatory so that in the event of sudden or continuous bleeding, medical personnel can provide assistance in a timely manner.

After leaving the hospital, the woman is advised to remain quiet for several days, not play sports and generally give up an active lifestyle.

In no case should you lift heavy objects, as this may result in bleeding: such cases occur when the wall of a blood vessel is accidentally damaged during a biopsy, but the damage is not through. When stressed, a damaged vessel may burst.

To absorb secretions, you should only use pads - tampons are strictly forbidden, since inserting them can cause bleeding.

Intimate hygiene in the postoperative period is limited to regular washing with warm water. Too hot long baths are not recommended. Visiting the bathhouse and sauna is prohibited. Douching is excluded (except when prescribed by a doctor) until the discharge stops after a cervical biopsy.

Sex life

Sexual activity should be postponed until the bleeding stops.

Even after the discharge stops, doctors advise not to have sex too violently, as this can cause pain in the woman or provoke bleeding.

What recommendations should be followed during the recovery period?

You can’t lift weights or play sports;
provide the body with rest for the first two days;
It is prohibited to visit baths and saunas;
do not take hot baths;
for discharge, you can use pads;
It is prohibited to use tampons.

Restrictions on sexual intercourse must be observed for 2 weeks after the manipulation, otherwise bleeding can be provoked.

Additional restrictions:

It is not recommended to drink alcohol as it slows down the healing process;
do not insert anything into the vagina (suppositories, ointments);
do not use blood thinning medications;
Douching should not be done.

To urgently stop bleeding, the doctor will most likely prescribe the drug Tranexam.

What should you be wary of?

There are certain signs that are a direct reason to see a doctor. This:

elevated temperature,
prolonged bleeding
change in color and nature of discharge,
incessant pain
intense and prolonged periods.

An increase in temperature is normal; for many women it is a reaction to stress. But if the temperature lasts more than a day and exceeds 37.5°C, this may be a sign of an infectious complication.

Prolonged bleeding may indicate a blood clotting disorder or vascular damage. A very dangerous sign is the bright color of the discharge or dark clots.

If the discharge is yellow or greenish, with an unpleasant odor, this indicates the presence of purulent inflammation or severe infection. Therefore, if there are any changes in discharge, you should contact a gynecologist.

Bulgakova Olga Viktorovna

Obstetrician-gynecologist, Stavropol, Graduated from the Stavropol Medical Academy with honors. Residency in obstetrics and gynecology. Advanced training in infertility treatment.

Content

The phenomenon of discharge after cervical biopsy and bleeding after cervical biopsy causes significant fear in women. How alarming are these symptoms, is it worth worrying about this, what results of a cervical biopsy are normal - these questions should be examined in detail.

Cervical biopsy is a gynecological procedure, the purpose of which is to take one or more pieces of mucosal tissue for histological examination. In essence, such a manipulation can be regarded as a minor surgical intervention, which does not exclude complications during this period. Every woman who has been prescribed such a test should be informed about this. Discharge after a cervical biopsy and moderate bleeding after a cervical biopsy are present in every woman, so this is not something to be alarmed about.

If you have had a cervical biopsy, bleeding may bother you in the first days after the procedure.

Laser biopsy

Another modern diagnostic method, it is performed with a special laser knife. It is not difficult to guess that with its help, not only a small area of the mucous membrane is selected for diagnosis, but also treatment is carried out by removing the affected tissue. Like the previous method, it is practically bloodless and painless, does not lead to scarring, although it requires special expensive equipment.

Biopsy is one of the oldest and most effective research methods. Regardless of the equipment and methodology of the analysis, its results play a leading role in setting up the analysis.

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Discharge after cervical biopsy

Bleeding after a cervical biopsy is a fairly common occurrence and is not considered a complication, but rather a natural healing process. During this period, a woman may experience unexpressed nagging pain in the lower abdomen, as during menstruation. As healing progresses, spotting after a cervical biopsy gradually becomes scarcer, the wound becomes scarred, and after five to six days the patient can return to her normal routine. After a cervical biopsy is performed, discharge may persist for quite a long time. To avoid complications, it is enough to follow the rules of personal hygiene and medical recommendations:

use sanitary pads;
do not use a syringe;
do not visit the swimming pool, bathhouse, sauna;
exclude heavy physical activity;
refuse intimate relationships (the period will be indicated by the doctor);
do not take medications that contain aspirin (aspirin thins the blood and bleeding may increase).

Every doctor is obliged to warn his patient: when a cervical biopsy has been performed, the discharge may be bloody, scanty and not last for a long time. Although discharge after a cervical biopsy may be of a different nature depending on the type of biopsy: for example, discharge after a cervical biopsy by conization is more abundant and prolonged. But discharge after a cervical biopsy using the radio wave method can be extremely scanty and short-lived. Bleeding after a cervical biopsy is always less pronounced with more gentle techniques.

After a cervical biopsy has been performed, the discharge should not cause concern to the patient. Usually, a cervical biopsy does not have any consequences, and it is better to do it in the first half of the cycle. It is known that it is during this period that tissue regeneration is highest. After a cervical biopsy is performed, discharge is an indicator of health. The likelihood of complications increases if the patient does not follow medical recommendations. Consequences obtained after manipulation of a cervical biopsy may occur if the biopsy was performed during menstruation. If a cervical biopsy is planned, menstrual bleeding may require postponing the procedure.

What can a cervical biopsy reveal?

What does a biopsy determine? This study is prescribed if a number of diseases are suspected, including:

Cervicitis is an inflammation in the lower (cervical) part of the cervix, which is characterized by purulent and mucous discharge, itching of the genitals, and aching pain in the lower abdomen. To treat the infection, antibiotics or antiviral drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs (for example, miramistin) are prescribed;
leukoplakia - the so-called benign neoplasm of the cervix, is practically asymptomatic, treatment is carried out surgically in a hospital;
flat condylomas are neoplasms, the appearance of which is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), treatment can be carried out both with medications, antiviral drugs, immunostimulants (for example, geneferon), and surgically;
erosion of the cervix can occur due to mechanical damage to the organ, for example, if curettage was performed or if eversion occurred during childbirth, against the background of a long-term, sluggish inflammatory process;
ectopia of the cervix;
ectropion is a pathology in which curvature of the vaginal cavity and cervical canal is observed, which is the root cause of a large number of gynecological pathologies, including oncological ones, although it can begin asymptomatically;
parakeratosis (hyperkeratosis) is a pathological change in the cells of the cervix that occurs against the background of its injury, for example, when using forceps for abortion. It is a precancerous condition; correct diagnosis requires a “deep” biopsy, since cancerous cells can develop under the layer of keratinized cells affected by parakeratosis;
cervical cysts;
Cervical cancer is a pathology that is treated by oncologists in the hospital; to clarify the diagnosis, MRI and analysis for tumor markers are prescribed.

Sometimes a biopsy is ordered again. Sometimes the laboratory gives certain results erroneously. However, this happens extremely rarely. One way or another, timely diagnosis of any disease is the key to successful treatment.