Menstruation after conception - is this possible and what could be the reason?

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Can menstruation occur after conception, and is this considered a deviation from the normal course of pregnancy? This question often worries girls who are waiting for the coveted two stripes. What does medicine say about this?

• 1 Physiology of menstruation in women
• 2 Can menstruation occur after conception?
• 3 What does spotting in early pregnancy indicate?
• 4 Summary

Mechanism of menstruation

To better understand the essence of the issue, you should have a good understanding of how regular periods occur. In the first half of the menstrual cycle, the uterus begins to acquire additional membranes that thicken its endometrium.

During ovulation, a ready and mature egg is released from the follicle on the ovaries into the fallopian tube. If there is a meeting with sperm there, pregnancy will occur. If such a meeting does not take place, the egg will die within a day and descend into the uterine cavity.

• Menstruation
• Ovulation
• High probability of conception

Ovulation occurs 14 days before the start of the menstrual cycle (with a 28-day cycle - on the 14th day). Deviation from the average value occurs frequently, so the calculation is approximate.

Also, together with the calendar method, you can measure basal temperature, examine cervical mucus, use special tests or mini-microscopes, take tests for FSH, LH, estrogens and progesterone.

You can definitely determine the day of ovulation using folliculometry (ultrasound).

1. Losos, Jonathan B.; Raven, Peter H.; Johnson, George B.; Singer, Susan R. Biology. New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 1207-1209.
2. Campbell NA, Reece JB, Urry LA ea Biology. 9th ed. - Benjamin Cummings, 2011. - p. 1263
3. Tkachenko B. I., Brin V. B., Zakharov Yu. M., Nedospasov V. O., Pyatin V. F. Human physiology. Compendium / Ed. B. I. Tkachenko. - M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2009. - 496 p.
4. https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovulation

The uterine membranes that have grown during the cycle, in the absence of pregnancy, are simply eliminated from the body in the form of menstrual bleeding as unnecessary. Once pregnancy occurs, everything changes.

Changes in the body after conception

After fertilization of an egg by a sperm, a lot of different processes immediately begin in a woman’s body, designed to help maintain pregnancy. The hormonal background changes, large concentrations of progesterone begin to be produced. This sex hormone prepares the uterus for the upcoming implantation of the fertilized egg; the endometrium of the female reproductive organ becomes thicker and looser. The hormone suppresses the immune system so that it does not accidentally reject the embryo, which is only 50% related to the female body. The child inherits the second half of the genetic material from the father.

Progesterone relaxes the uterine muscles. About a week after fertilization, the blastocyst, which becomes the fertilized egg, descends into the uterine cavity and attaches to one of the walls, in close contact with the endometrium. It practically grows into the wall of the uterus. From this moment, the hormone hCG, human chorionic gonadotropin, begins to be produced. It is this, in combination with high levels of progesterone, that leads to a delay in the next menstruation.

The baby grows and develops in the mother's womb for 38 weeks. Towards the end of the first trimester of pregnancy, hCG levels peak and begin to decline, and progesterone begins to decline closer to childbirth. Actually, its reduction to a certain concentration causes the birth process itself.

For 95% of women, this is exactly what happens. But there are also pregnant women who may not realize their “interesting” situation for quite a long time, since they have menstruation. And only the growing uterus and other symptoms will put everything in its place.

Causes of menstruation after conception

It is quite difficult to consider periods after conception as normal. There is a popular belief that menstruation after a delay is a sign of the so-called “washing of the fetus.” Doctors actually sometimes encounter this phenomenon, and it can be quite difficult to explain.

But normally this happens only once - in the first month of pregnancy. In the future, any spotting will be considered a threat to miscarriage.

A slight bleeding, reminiscent of menstruation, can occur after conception in about two weeks , that is, at the time of the next menstruation if the woman has a bicornuate uterus or in a given cycle two eggs were released from the follicle during ovulation, and only one was fertilized. Next month there should be no such discharge.

If the pregnancy test showed two lines, and the next day or a few days later the woman began menstruation, this may indicate not only the release of a second, “unnecessary” dead egg, but also that the fertilized egg could not implant normally and is rejected. There can be many reasons: chromosomal pathologies of the embryo, which made its further normal development and growth impossible, exposure to toxins, gynecological diseases, which include endometriosis and other inflammatory and infectious ailments.

The cause of unscheduled periods after conception may be a disruption in a woman’s menstrual cycle. If ovulation occurs late, then it is possible that implantation has not yet been completed when menstruation arrives. This happens very rarely, but a woman should know about this possibility.

Appearance of discharge

Pregnant women may wonder what periods look like during pregnancy. This phenomenon should be considered from the perspective of a side effect on the condition of the expectant mother. Often the cause of this phenomenon does not pose a danger to the woman and the unborn child.

According to experts, this phenomenon can occur in the first trimester. It is mild and goes away on its own in a couple of days.

If you experience heavy periods during early pregnancy, you need medical help. Ignoring the symptom will lead to miscarriage.

Please note that the participation of an obstetrician-gynecologist is necessary when detecting:

• frequent disruptions in the menstrual cycle;
• changes in the nature of discharge;
• changes in the consistency and profuseness of bleeding.

The listed phenomena require a mandatory visit to a specialist.

Discharge in the early stages is spotty in nature. They are not heavy compared to how menstrual bleeding appears. They are characterized by a short interval.

However, as your periods progress during pregnancy, brown blood clots may appear. They stand out partially. This symptom should be a cause for concern.

This is how the endometrium is rejected, which is a serious pathology in the reproductive system.

Depending on how menstruation progresses during pregnancy, the threat to the woman and the fetus is determined. Light discharge tends to stop spontaneously after a couple of days. They may appear in the early stages. It should be remembered that by the beginning of the seventh week any discharge should disappear.

The exception to the rule is estrogen imbalance.

conclusions

There is no normal period after conception. Any bleeding is a reason for prompt examination by a qualified doctor and a thorough examination. It is incorrect to call bleeding during pregnancy menstruation. And any bleeding, with the exception of implantation bleeding, is an alarming sign.

That is why a woman needs to more closely monitor her menstrual cycle, know its features, and monitor the regularity of her periods, even if she is not currently planning a pregnancy.

You need to regularly (at least once a year) visit a gynecologist and get tested for hormones.

Can I get my period after conception?

The sudden cessation of menstruation in a woman of childbearing age is considered to be the main sign of pregnancy. Anatomy textbooks confirm: when fertilization is successful, a corresponding signal is sent to the brain, hormonal levels change, the body is rebuilt, and as a result, critical days do not come for the next 9 months. However, medicine knows of cases when a girl found herself pregnant, but at the same time she continued to menstruate. So can you get your period after conception? Or are these situations simply the exception to the rule?

Changes in the body after fertilization

Usually, 2-3 days are enough for a fertilized egg to travel from the fallopian tubes to its implantation site. But sometimes the process takes a little longer - up to two weeks. In the case of conception before menstruation (which does happen due to the specifics of a particular woman’s cycle and contrary to popular belief that this is impossible), the egg simply does not have time to attach itself, and the brain does not have time to receive a signal about the beginning of pregnancy. In this situation, critical days may well come at the appointed time.

When the zygote has already grown to the wall of the uterus, and the placenta is activated, due to increased synthesis of progesterone in the body, a change in hormonal levels is observed. It entails a number of other processes, including the cessation of menstruation. However, there is such a thing as “implantation bleeding.” This is minor spotting that is an early sign of pregnancy. They arise due to damage to the blood vessels at the time of attachment of the fertilized egg to the wall of the uterus. Many women easily confuse this type of discharge with the onset of menstruation.

Diagnosing pregnancy

If absence of menstruation is not necessary, how can pregnancy be diagnosed? Doctors advise women to listen to their own feelings. Already in the third week, a pregnant woman may feel:

• soreness in the chest area;
• not too strong pain in the very bottom of the abdomen, more like weak cramps.

At this same stage, the implantation bleeding described above may occur. Of course, the result will not be accurate until more modern methods are used, such as rapid tests and a visit to the gynecologist. More specific symptoms, for example, morning sickness, may appear later - from about the fifth to sixth week, although there have been cases when the only unpleasant symptom was a growing belly and swelling of the legs at the very end of the period.

Causes of menstruation after conception

As we have already found out, the two most common reasons for the arrival of critical days after fertilization of the egg are the incomplete process of implantation of the fertilized egg into the endometrium of the uterus or the immediate period of implantation of the blastocyst. Also, menstruation after conception may occur due to:

• Hormonal imbalances, when the so-called. progesterone deficiency, poorly produced estrogens, or an excess of androgens. In such cases, the body is simply unable to “recognize” pregnancy, so menstruation continues as usual for some time.
• The simultaneous maturation of two eggs in each ovary, one of which meets the sperm (i.e., fertilization occurs), while the second dies and is released naturally.
• “Color pregnancy” is a rather rare phenomenon in which for several weeks, or even months, menstruation continues to occur after fertilization of the egg. But in this case, there are no symptoms characteristic of the beginning of critical days: swelling of the body, breast enlargement and increased sensitivity, nagging pain in the lower abdomen, changes in the emotional background.

In addition, spotting can be caused by cervical erosion; this is no longer menstruation, but bleeding. In such a situation, a gynecological consultation will be needed to prescribe the correct treatment without the risk of threat to the fetus. Short-term bleeding, which women mistake for scanty periods, can be triggered by a gynecological examination, sexual intercourse, or douching. Among other factors, doctors name colds, severe shocks and stress, and overexertion. In any case, only a doctor can determine the exact cause of menstruation during pregnancy.

When, after conception, the endometrium of the uterus peels off and bleeding begins, we can talk about the following pathologies:

• spontaneous miscarriage;
• ectopic, frozen, incorrectly developing pregnancy;
• anomalies in the structure of the uterus, in which it is not possible to carry the fetus to term, since the embryo is attached in places with weak/absent blood supply;
• placental abruptions, placental presentation;
• endometriosis, benign neoplasms of the endometrium, myometrium;
• genetic pathologies in the mother or embryo, etc.

Other causes of intermittent periods

Hypomenorrhea in adult women (intermittent periods) can be physiological and pathological. The first is associated with natural conditions (breastfeeding, pregnancy) and age-related changes (childhood or menopause). The second is due to the presence of diseases.

Late and intermittent menstruation is not always associated with gynecological pathologies. There are cases where cycle failures cause disorders of the central nervous system. Characteristic symptoms of pathological conditions of the central nervous system include constant headaches, migraines, inconsistency of movements, loss or decrease in tactile sensitivity, sleep disturbance, fatigue, disorders of speech and musculoskeletal functions.

Unstable bleeding, when menstruation is delayed and occurs with a break of 2-3 days, may be associated with disturbances in the formation of the reproductive system. There are often cases when women are diagnosed with an abnormal structure of the reproductive organ. Pathology can be congenital or acquired. The shape and size of the uterus changes due to poor blood clotting, hormonal imbalance, postpartum complications and under the influence of oral contraceptives.

Regular delays and intermittent bleeding at intervals of up to two days are often diagnosed in women with diseases of the endocrine system. Among them are diseases of the adrenal glands, thyroid gland and hypothalamic-pituitary system.

Physiological

At the age of 12–15 years, girls' first periods begin. Hormonal imbalance during this period can cause unstable menstrual flow. During adolescence, slight delays and intermittent bleeding are acceptable. This is normal; when the balance of hormones is restored, short-term menstruation will stop.

Deviations associated with pauses during menstruation and intermittent discharge also occur in women 40–45 years old. The cessation and resumption of menstruation in such cases is one of the symptoms of diseases during menopause.

Physiological causes are not associated with pathological disorders and diseases. In addition to age-related changes, these include:

• postpartum condition;
• abortions;
• taking hormonal medications;
• weak immunity;
• previous colds and viral diseases;
• exacerbation of chronic diseases.

In all cases, menstruation returns on its own. If your periods do not return to normal for a long time and are accompanied by painful symptoms, visit a gynecologist.

Pathological

The cycle in women depends on hormonal levels. The balance is often disturbed, menstruation brings surprises: once menstruation begins, it stops, comes at intervals, changes color and consistency.

Hormonal changes are not the only reason that causes unusual bleeding. Stable intervals during menstruation are observed in women with identified ovarian dysfunction. These organs are responsible for the production of estrogens, progestins and androgens. If there are no deviations, the most important hormones are involved in the fertilization of the egg.

Improper functioning of the ovaries causes intermittent bleeding and prolonged delays in menstruation. The menstruation schedule is disrupted, the development and growth of the follicle is disrupted, which makes fertilization impossible. Similar phenomena are observed with fibroids, endometriosis, the presence of tumors, polyps, adhesions and cysts in the uterus.

Pathological also includes anomalies not related to the reproductive sphere. These may be blood diseases, vitamin deficiency, diabetes. If, after a gynecological examination, no abnormalities are identified, it makes sense to conduct a more extensive diagnosis with the participation of other doctors.

External influence

If your period lasts for one day and suddenly stops, there is a high probability of being influenced by external factors. The most common is stress. Nervous exhaustion and emotional distress, like any pathology, have a detrimental effect on reproductive health.

In addition to stressful conditions, the course of menstruation is affected by:

1. Changes in diet.
2. Abrupt climate change.
3. Increased physical stress on the body.
4. Poor environmental conditions.
5. Intoxication.
6. Alcohol abuse.

Experienced stress, diets, and bad habits are often, but not always, the cause of intermittent bleeding. To exclude the presence of gynecological pathologies and confirm the influence of external signs on the nature of menstruation, consult a specialist.

How to identify pathological disorders

In early pregnancy, it is almost impossible to distinguish normal periods from bleeding - evidence of the development of a pathological process. Therefore, a woman should be extremely attentive to the slightest alarming symptoms that signal a danger to the fetus and the expectant mother herself. Among them:

• abundance of discharge;
• blood is bright scarlet;
• excessive pain in the abdominal area, the nature of which can range from acute to nagging;
• increased heart rate;
• jumps in body temperature;
• general weakness;
• nausea, vomiting;
• dizziness, migraine, etc.

If you notice such symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor. After all, spotting, which is accompanied by cramping pain, can indicate the onset of a miscarriage, and only calling an ambulance can save the pregnancy. Before the doctors arrive, you must take a horizontal position and try to eliminate unnecessary body movements.

Types of bleeding

It is important to understand that when fertilization occurs, spotting may appear.

It is quite difficult to say how long your period may last when pregnancy is diagnosed. The process lasts on average from one to two weeks.

If menstruation does not continue during pregnancy, then a specialist diagnosis is required. After all, the process may be a signal of ectopic fertilization or other pathology.

Heavy bleeding is an obvious sign of disorders in the reproductive system. This phenomenon is preceded by hormonal imbalance, diseases of the reproductive system, excessive stress and stressful situations.

Also the reasons for this condition are:

• placental rejection;
• abnormal structure of the uterus;
• pathological processes in the attachment of the egg, occurring as a result of chronic inflammation, adhesions and thinning of the uterus, which leads to low location or placenta previa;
• ectopic conception: occurs as a result of infectious diseases, inflammatory processes in the reproductive organs, develops against the background of partial or complete obstruction of the uterus, and is characterized by impaired functionality of the placenta;
• threat of spontaneous interruption of conception (miscarriage): observed in the early stages, is the result of the presence of pathologies in embryonic development, leads to fetal death;
• inflammatory process as a result of an infectious lesion of the vagina or cervix;
• hyperandrogenism: pathology of the endocrine system, accompanied by an increase in androgens, provokes placental abruption;
• Hydatidiform mole: characterizes embryonic destruction, occurs with preservation of part of the dead fetus in the uterine area, causes chorionepithelioma or a cancerous tumor;
• risk of frozen pregnancy;
• the likelihood of pathological childbirth in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters;
• profuse bleeding against the background of increasing anemia;
• genetic disorders in embryo development.

The above conditions are dangerous for women's health

. Medical attention required.

Any changes in the condition of a pregnant woman should be a reason to visit a specialist. The doctor will evaluate the pathology and prescribe the required treatment. Self-diagnosis and treatment can lead to complications or death.

When should you consult a doctor?

How dangerous the critical days after conception can be is difficult to determine at first glance. Not all bloody discharge poses a threat to the lives of mother and baby. Sometimes menstruation occurs due to hormonal disorders that can occur in the female body in the early stages of pregnancy. In this case, they are of a spotting nature and are not accompanied by pain.

However, if the intensity and duration of bleeding is similar to the usual menstruation, this is the first sign of a possible termination of pregnancy. Excessively painful bleeding can also be a harbinger of a similar outcome.

If menstruation begins after conception, regardless of whether it is scanty or heavy, the pregnant woman needs to urgently consult a gynecologist. Independent attempts to cope with bleeding using medications or folk remedies can result in serious health problems, including spontaneous miscarriage.

To establish an accurate diagnosis, the doctor will prescribe a number of studies, including:

1. Ultrasound diagnostics to detect the presence of a fertilized egg in the uterus.
2. Blood chemistry.
3. A test that determines the level of human chorionic gonadotropin, etc.

Causes of menstruation

Almost every third pregnant woman faces this problem. It is important to understand that in half of the cases this feature is not capable of causing harm to the embryo.

Otherwise, there is a high probability of pathologies in the female reproductive system.

The answer to the question why menstruation occurs during early pregnancy is the following processes:

• implantation bleeding;
• hormonal imbalance;
• the appearance of blood as a result of sexual intercourse;
• conducting a gynecological examination.

Such processes are normal and do not require intervention.

Implantation bleeding develops during the period of attachment of the embryo to the wall of the uterus. Implantation is accompanied by damage to blood vessels. Such discharge appears in the first two weeks after fertilization. They can be either in the form of a couple of drops or quite abundant. The duration of the process is limited to several days. As a rule, bleeding may appear 2 days before or after the predicted menstruation.

Hormonal imbalance involves progesterone deficiency. He is responsible for the safety of the embryo. If its level is reduced, there is a possibility of termination of the pregnancy. Initially there is minor discharge. Ignoring symptoms can lead to excessive bleeding.

The result of this development of events will be a spontaneous miscarriage. Medical assistance is required to normalize the condition. Drug treatment boils down to the prescription of hormonal drugs.

Failure of hormonal levels can also be the result of:

• inflammatory process;
• pathologies of the endocrine system;
• infectious effects;
• stress.

One of the options for why menstruation occurs as a result of conception is sexual intercourse. Intimacy can serve as the basis for brown discharge.

This is due to increased blood circulation in the vagina and uterus. The sensitivity of the mucous membranes increases. Minor damage may occur.

They cause discharge. The possibility of sexual intercourse is determined by the attending physician based on the patient’s individual indicators and medical history

.

A gynecological examination may cause bleeding. They are often quite scanty and disappear on their own after a couple of days. As a preventative measure, it is recommended to avoid sexual contact and the use of tampons.

Doctors' opinion

Menstruation after conception, in its usual sense, can occur in the first month after fertilization has occurred. It goes away for a short time, and the discharge itself is not abundant. Spotting that appears in the first days after conception should not cause alarm. It is simply evidence of embryo implantation.

It happens that critical days continue to come regularly during pregnancy. If the girl’s well-being is not satisfactory, and there are no deviations in the development of the fetus, medicine attributes this phenomenon to the body’s memory, thanks to which the usual hormonal levels take place. It is worth understanding that these cases are rare.

Why do menstruation occur after conception?

The main sign of pregnancy is the cessation of menstruation. But it happens that a woman does not know about her interesting situation, since menstruation continues. Whether menstruation can occur after conception, is this considered normal or a deviation, the gynecologist will explain during the consultation.

If conception has occurred, and bleeding occurs, most likely, fertilization occurred in the middle of the cycle, the embryo did not have time to attach to the uterine wall, and menstruation follows the usual pattern.

Physiological features

The functioning of the body and its systems is subject to certain rules. By the beginning of menstruation, a woman has matured more than 20 thousand eggs in the fertilized egg, one of them moves into the fallopian tube and remains there for ovulation. If conception does not occur, the egg dies and is released along with menstrual blood.

The intrauterine cavity is lined with a functional layer - the endometrium, which grows rapidly after menstruation. Its role is to provide the necessary nutrition to the unborn child, so it is well supplied with blood.

In the absence of conception, the endometrial layer is torn off and comes out, since there is no need to provide nutrients to the embryo.

When fertilization has occurred, the egg is implanted into the endometrium, the hormonal background changes: progesterone is released, and the uterine walls, together with the endometrium, begin to thicken and thicken to reliably protect the embryo.

Features of the condition

In order for conception to occur during menstruation, a number of conditions must be met. The main factor is the fusion of the egg and sperm.

Even if there were menstruation, then by the middle of the cycle the body is ready for fertilization. After the ovulation period, the likelihood of conception decreases.

This feature of the cycle is misleading. Women are sure that if you have had your period, you cannot get pregnant.

In fact, the presence of menstrual flow

does not affect the likelihood of whether pregnancy can occur or not.

The appearance of characteristic symptoms, even if you have had your period, should suggest that you may be pregnant. A similar development of events is taking place.

This is due to hormonal imbalance. As a result, ovulation occurs right before menstruation. The embryo is in the fallopian tube. The endometrium begins to separate and be removed outside the body.

Bleeding or menstruation

Menstruation after conception may indicate problems in the body, because normally, with the onset of pregnancy, periods stop. But there are also exceptions.

In the first week of pregnancy, red discharge is possible due to the rupture of the follicle and the release of the egg. Menstruation also occurs at the usual time during conception in the middle of the cycle, when the embryo does not have time to attach to the desired area of ​​the endometrium.

Sometimes two eggs mature at once, one of which is fertilized, and the other, which has died, is released with bleeding. Estrogen deficiency can also cause menstrual periods: due to hormonal imbalance, the expectant mother finds out about her position at 13 weeks.

In any case, such a situation should be a reason for an immediate visit to a medical facility.

If there is a threat of miscarriage, blood is released, but not menstrual blood. The condition is accompanied by discomfort - cramping pain in the lower abdomen or heaviness. Bleeding is preceded by the usual delay of menstruation, as happens during pregnancy, and only at a certain period does discharge appear. In this condition, you must immediately call an ambulance.

With an ectopic pregnancy, bleeding is also present. After ovulation and conception, the zygote is sent to the uterine cavity, but for various reasons it can settle outside of it. This is a reason for surgery.

Pathological bleeding can be distinguished from menstruation by the release of scarlet blood and the intensity of discharge, as well as pain.

About the causes and consequences of bleeding during pregnancy

So, we figured out whether you can have periods during pregnancy. But why do they start and is there a way to prevent it? A short list of possible symptoms has already been presented earlier, and now we will reveal it in a little more detail.

• Hormonal imbalance.

Menstruation can be very scanty, mostly “smearing”; at night, as a rule, there is no blood at all. The solution to the problem is to contact an endocrinologist and gynecologist: they must select drugs that will not harm the fetus. In more serious cases, it may be necessary to terminate the pregnancy for medical reasons (a last resort measure prescribed when it is completely impossible to carry and give birth to a baby).

• Risk of miscarriage.

The blood is scarlet, and there is a lot of it. The pain in the lower abdomen noticeably intensifies, many patients describe their sensations as “periodic strong contractions” or a constant feeling of heaviness. There is only one way out: urgently call an ambulance and prepare a bag for the hospital - even if the fetus cannot be saved, the woman may experience complications that can only be treated in a hospital.

• Ectopic fetal development.

Menstruation is also not heavy, but the pain, as a rule, is constantly localized on one side. The pain is constant in nature; it may disappear for several hours or even days, but it constantly returns. In the later stages, the pain intensifies so much that the woman cannot tolerate it - however, it very rarely comes to this, because an ectopic pregnancy is diagnosed almost at the very first ultrasound. The treatment is exclusively surgical, but there is no need to worry: even in advanced cases, when surgeons have to completely remove one of the fallopian tubes, the patient has a chance to become a mother again.

• Infectious diseases.

The choice of medications greatly depends on the duration and condition of the patient. The doctor must take into account all the little things, gradually stopping the bleeding and prescribing medications that allow the body to stabilize by introducing substances necessary for its functioning.

• Implantation bleeding.

It’s absolutely not scary; as a rule, it appears as a few drops of blood on the underwear or spotting of a non-scarlet color (this often happens if a woman’s periods are usually very heavy). It is caused by a short period of time from conception to the next menstruation. The fertilized egg is completely immersed in the endometrium, resulting in the release of a small amount of blood. It does not require treatment, but the patient should monitor her condition more actively for the first two weeks.

The above reasons for the persistence of menstruation during pregnancy can be classified in different ways, but the most important alarming symptom that requires prompt medical intervention is scarlet discharge in large quantities. The more blood is released, the more critical the situation is, even if no severe pain is observed at this moment.

• Pathologies of the structure of the uterus.

For example, endometriosis or fibroids can also cause moderate bleeding during pregnancy. Drug treatment is prescribed; in advanced cases, one has to agree to surgical intervention with possible termination of pregnancy.

• Rejection of the second fetus.

If a woman becomes pregnant with twins, but at the very beginning of development one fetus dies, rejection may begin, accompanied by slight bleeding. The process may not affect the second child, but hospitalization and specialist supervision in this case are required.

Causes of menstruation after conception

It happens that a woman is unaware of her situation because her period comes every month. Possible reasons:

1. Pathological development of the fetus.
2. Hormonal imbalance in the female body.
3. Rejection of the egg or endometrium.
4. Frozen pregnancy.
5. Stressful state of the expectant mother.
6. Ectopic pregnancy.

We recommend reading more information about menstruation in the first month of pregnancy.

Implantation

Sometimes menstruation during pregnancy is not dangerous. Implantation of the zygote usually occurs within 2–3 days after fertilization, but sometimes takes up to two weeks. The brain does not receive a signal about conception, and menstruation occurs at the usual time.

Also, a small amount of reddish discharge may appear when the zygote attaches to the wall of the uterus.

Hormonal disorders

Discharge similar to menstruation may occur due to hormonal deficiency. Low progesterone levels, hCG and other metabolic imbalances lead to spotting after conception.

There is a risk of spontaneous abortion. The expectant mother should consult a doctor who will prescribe hormonal medications to preserve the baby.

Cervical injury

After conception, the mucous membranes become loose and vulnerable, and the blood vessels become thinner. Bloody discharge may appear due to injury to the vagina and cervix. This happens after sexual intercourse or a gynecological examination.

Discharge from the genitals is not prolonged and does not pose a threat to the life and health of the child.

Incipient miscarriage

Discharge accompanied by cramping pain in the early stages indicates a threat to the life of the fetus. This means that the fertilized egg has been rejected, died or is close to death. Clots are clearly visible in the discharged blood.

In this case, you cannot do without medical help. If fragments of the embryo remain inside, an inflammatory process will develop, which can be complicated by sepsis. The only way out is surgery.

We also recommend that you read additional information on how to distinguish a miscarriage from menstruation.

Hydatidiform mole

The embryo has a temporary membrane (chorion), which later transforms into the placenta. It can mutate in the uterine cavity, growing into a special tissue similar to clusters with vesicles, which increases in size, resembling a tumor, and sometimes degenerates into a malignant formation. It is impossible to bear a child with such a diagnosis.

To remove the mole, the patient is given anesthesia, the cervix is ​​dilated and the contents are scraped out. As a result of surgical treatment while preserving the reproductive organs, a woman remains able to become pregnant after the menstrual cycle is restored.

The nature of menstruation after childbirth

It is believed that the menstrual cycle will be fully restored after the first 2-3 menstruation and will become regular. If this does not happen, contact your gynecologist. The cause of irregular postpartum menstruation can be inflammatory processes of the internal genital organs, endometriosis, tumors of the uterus and ovaries and many other pathologies. The reason for the “non-occurrence” of menstruation can also be a repeat pregnancy, because breastfeeding is not a method of contraception.

Usually the first periods after childbirth are heavy. This phenomenon is very natural and normal if menstruation lasts no more than a week. However, if such periods are accompanied by dizziness, weakness, rapid heartbeat, then you should consult a doctor.

After childbirth, it is possible to change the duration of the menstrual cycle and the duration of menstruation itself (blood discharge). The normal menstrual cycle ranges from 21 to 35 days, the period of discharge is no more than 5 days and no less than 3. Any deviation is a reason to consult a doctor. Menstruation should not be long and heavy, nor short and scanty. Excessively long periods may indicate uterine fibroids.

Many women are interested in whether the pain of menstruation will change after childbirth. Everything is individual in this matter. After all, pain during menstruation can be caused by various factors. For example, if painful sensations arose due to the bending of the uterus, then most likely after childbirth the pain will subside, because thanks to the birth process the uterus acquires a normal position. However, there are other causes of painful periods: inflammatory processes after childbirth, strong contractions of the walls of the uterus, general immaturity of the body, inflammation of the uterus and appendages.

If pain during menstruation may stop after childbirth, then it is almost impossible to get rid of premenstrual syndrome. To this day, the causes of PMS have not been fully studied, although there are many different versions. However, the symptoms for every woman are the same: irritability, bad mood, tearfulness, soreness and swelling of the breasts, some swelling, pain in the joints and lower back, headache, insomnia, etc. At least one of the signs of PMS is observed before almost every menstruation.