Menstrual irregularities: ICD code 10, painful, heavy, irregular

Absence of menstruation, scanty and infrequent menstruation: No. 91

In accordance with ICD 10, scanty periods can be observed with the following pathologies:

1. Primary amenorrhea. It is observed in teenage girls due to constitutional characteristics or diseases of various organs. Experts include delayed sexual development, defects in the nervous system (central), abnormalities of the gonads and internal reproductive organs as the causes of primary amenorrhea.
2. Secondary amenorrhea (hypogonadotropic, hypergonadotropic, normononadotropic). In this condition, women with a stable menstrual rhythm have no menstruation for 6 months or more. Secondary amenorrhea is caused by hypothalamic, adrenal, hypothalamic-pituitary, ovarian, psychogenic, and uterine factors.
3. Amenorrhea, unspecified. The diagnosis is not associated with inflammatory processes. Menstruation is absent or scanty and infrequent.
4. Primary oligomenorrhea. Menstrual irregularities according to the corresponding ICD code include short spontaneous periods with an interval of 36 days to 6 months. Signs of pathology are revealed during the formation of the menstrual rhythm.
5. Secondary oligomenorrhea. Changes occur against the background of an established cycle due to various internal and external unfavorable factors.
6. Oligomenorrhea, unspecified. Rare and scanty menstruation is a consequence of underdevelopment or depletion of the ovaries, immune disorders of unknown etiology.

Classification

1. Primary (functional) algodysmenorrhea occurs in girls in adolescence 6-12 months after the first menstruation from the moment of the formation of ovulatory cycles; there are no pathological changes in the genital organs. 2. Secondary (organic) algodismenorrhea is caused by clinical manifestations of gynecological diseases, for example: endometriosis, uterine fibroids, inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, anomalies in the development of the internal genital organs, varicose veins of the pelvic, parietal veins or veins in the area of ​​the ovarian ligament, ovarian cysts, etc. 3. Compensated form, in which the severity and nature of the pathological process on the days of menstruation do not change over time. 4. Uncompensated, in which the intensity of pain increases every year.

Frequent, irregular, heavy periods: ICD 10 No. 92

Cycle disorders according to the ICD do not include bleeding that occurs after menopause. Heavy, irregular periods include:

1. Frequent and heavy periods due to the regularity of the cycle. Gynecologists name menorrhagia and polymenorrhea as pathologies. With mennorrhagia, severe blood loss is observed in combination with an increase in the number of critical days. Within polymenorrhea, the cycle is less than 21 days.
2. Frequent, heavy periods with irregular cycles. There are short intervals between critical days. The examination reveals menometrorrhagia (abnormal intense bleeding) and metrorrhagia.
3. Copious bleeding during puberty. This item includes menorrhagia and bleeding that occurs during the puberty period.
4. Bleeding of an ovulatory nature. There is regular blood loss, which often leads to anemia.
5. Intense bleeding in the period before menopause. Gynecologists call metrorrhagia and menorrhagia that occur during the premenopausal, menopausal and menopausal stages.
6. Other forms of irregular menstruation (specified).
7. Irregular menstruation according to ICD 10 (unspecified). This section does not include pathological conditions with lengthening or shortening of the intervals between menstruation, scanty and heavy bleeding.

Additional facts

 The most common disorder of menstrual function, expressed in painful monthly bleeding, is algomenorrhea, or painful menstruation. Minor discomfort, moderate, mild pain of menstruation is noted by up to 70% of women from 14 to 45 years old, another 10% of women complain of intense pain, which significantly affects their overall well-being and ability to work. Algomenorrhea is often accompanied by vomiting (in 84%), diarrhea (in 79%), dizziness (in 23%), headache (in 13.5%), and fainting (in 16%) of women. If menstruation is painful and irregular, then they talk about such a disorder as algomenorrhea. Modern gynecology takes the problem of algomenorrhea seriously, since it can be the first signal of disorders occurring in a woman’s body. If painful menstruation occurs, a woman is strongly advised to visit a gynecologist.

Algomenorrhea

Painful periods: ICD 10 code No. 94

Painful periods according to ICD 10 mean:

1. Pain that occurs approximately in the middle of the cycle.
2. Dyspareunia. This disorder involves pain and discomfort during sexual intercourse. This item does not include psychogenic dyspareunia.
3. Vaginismus. The disorder is understood as convulsive contractions of the vaginal muscles of a spastic nature that occur when attempting to examine or have sexual intercourse. Gynecologists do not include psychogenic vaginismus in this category.
4. Syndrome of the so-called premenstrual tension. This is a complex of various symptoms characteristic of phase 2 of the cycle. PMS is individual in nature and usually includes psycho-emotional disorders and headaches.
5. Primary dysmenorrhea. Painful menstruation is observed in women from menarche to the age of 30. The disorder is usually caused by hormonal disorders.
6. Secondary dysmenorrhea. Pain that accompanies menstruation often appears due to gynecological diseases.
7. Dysmenorrhea (unspecified). This diagnosis can be made for menstrual pain of unknown etiology.
8. Other conditions (specified) that are directly related to the menstrual cycle and reproductive organs.
9. Unspecified pathologies associated with the cycle and genitals.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis Table Differential diagnosis of primary and secondary dysmenorrhea

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Causes of menstrual cycle disruption: what do irregular “these days” mean?

Menstruation is an indicator of the rhythm of hormone release. Sometimes a woman may not be aware of the existing pathology, but an experienced doctor will regard menstrual irregularities as a symptom. An increase or decrease in blood volume, a change in the duration of bleeding, and the time intervals between them are possible. As a rule, the causes are functional in nature or associated with organic changes.

Treatment of pathology of menstruation should be carried out by an obstetrician-gynecologist. But sometimes the cause of the failure is changes in the endocrine system and the brain. Then endocrinologists, therapists, neurologists, neurosurgeons and even psychotherapists are involved in therapy.

Description

 Algomenorrhea (pain during menstruation).

Pain syndrome of varying intensity that accompanies menstruation. It manifests itself as cramping or aching pain in the lower abdomen on the first day or throughout the entire menstruation. Severe pain can significantly worsen a woman’s well-being and limit her activity. More often it is a concomitant symptom of diseases of the female genital area: developmental anomalies and inflammatory processes of the genital organs, endometriosis. Treatment of the underlying pathology is important in the prognosis.

What is considered normal

To determine the signs of a menstrual cycle disorder, you need to understand what is included in the concept of normal. For each woman, this is individual, but there are boundaries, if violated, you need to look for pathology.

• Cycle duration. The average is 28 days. Doctors rely on it when calculating the phases of the cycle, the day of ovulation, and menstruation. But cycles from 21 to 35 days also fit into the normal parameter.
• Period . Menstrual bleeding accounts for an average of four to five days of the total duration of the cycle. But it can also be three to seven days of menstruation. The main condition is the same duration every month.
• Amount of bleeding. Blood loss should not exhaust the body. Bleeding not exceeding 100 ml is considered physiological. There are special tables or graphic diagrams by which you can calculate your blood loss, focusing on the appearance of the pads and their number per day.
• Ovulation. Normally occurs in the middle of the cycle. Only in young girls with an unsteady cycle and in women before menopause, most of the menstruation occurs without ovulation. Healthy women can also have cycles without egg maturation, but much less frequently.
• Discharge. Physiological leucorrhoea is no more than 20 ml per day of whitish mucus. Before ovulation, its amount increases. The appearance of bloody discharge, an unpleasant odor, and an increase in volume should alert you.

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Menstrual irregularities: types

Disorders of the ovarian-menstrual cycle can be either in the direction of its decrease or increase. And sometimes bleeding ceases to follow any rhythm at all and comes at a new time each time. In the international classification ICD-10, menstrual cycle disorders fit into category N92. It covers frequent, heavy, irregular menstruation. This also includes bleeding during puberty (N92.2), during ovulation (N92.3) and before menopause (N92.4).

Hypermenstrual syndrome

Each type of violation has its own name. In case of hypermenstrual syndrome, when there is an increase in the duration or volume of blood loss, the following types of pathological menstruation are distinguished:

• polymenorrhea - prolonged bleeding during menstruation, which passes into the uterus;
• hypermenorrhea - a large amount of blood loss during menstruation;
• proyomenorrhea - frequent, long and heavy periods.

Hypomenstrual syndrome

Changes to a lesser extent are combined into hypomenstrual syndrome. It includes the following concepts:

• oligomenorrhea - short menstrual bleeding for one to two days;
• hypomenorrhea - scanty discharge during menstruation;
• opsomenorea - 40-50 days pass between bleedings;
• amenorrhea - no periods for six months or more.

Reasons for changes

The reasons for the disruption of the menstrual cycle can be both external and internal. Female hormonal levels depend on the general level of health and emotional state, because there is a subtle connection with the cortical structures of the brain. The levels of serotonin and melatonin, the concentration of adrenaline can affect sex hormones and lead to changes in the cycle. But with each failure, the mechanism of development of the pathology will be different, which will require different approaches to treatment.

Infection

Acute or chronic infectious diseases of the pelvic organs can lead to serious consequences. Menstrual bleeding may be more intense and the intervals between them irregular. With chlamydia and chronic gonorrhea, the condition of the endometrium changes; it becomes more loose and swollen. Therefore, the separation of the endometrium during menstruation is delayed for a longer period, pain appears, and bleeding becomes profuse. With chronic infections of the genital tract, delays in menstruation and dyscirculatory uterine bleeding may occur.

Endometriosis

Endometrial lesions have their own hormonal activity, but they are subject to the same cyclical changes as normal tissue. If endometriosis affects the body of the uterus, the lesions grow deep into the muscles and form cavities that resemble honeycombs. They take longer to empty than the uterus itself, so menstruation lasts a long time, the blood at the end becomes dark.

With endometriosis, there is an increase in the number of pain receptors around the lesions. Menstruation and the intervals between them are accompanied by pain. An increased amount of estrogen leads to endometrial hyperplasia, so there may also be bleeding between menstruation.

Myoma

Failure of the menstrual cycle with small uterine fibroids is associated with an imbalance of hormones. If the neoplasm has grown to a large size and deforms the uterine cavity, then the contractility of the myometrium is impaired, and the mucous membrane is separated worse. Nodes located interstitially or submucosally increase the area of ​​the inner surface of the uterus. The endometrium grows much larger; its separation will take not five to seven days, but 10-12.

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a hormonal disease in which the final maturation of the follicle does not occur. They remain on the surface of the ovary in the form of small cysts. The absence of ovulation does not lead to an increase in progesterone; the endometrium does not undergo the necessary transformations. Therefore, menstruation appears rarely, with long delays.

Climax

Disruption of the menstrual cycle during menopause occurs due to the gradual inhibition of ovarian function. The synthesis of estrogen decreases, so the intervals between menstruation increase and delays occur. Gradually, periods come once every few months and at one point stop completely. If spotting does not appear throughout the year, then the date of the last menstruation is taken as the moment of menopause.

Abortion and childbirth

Termination of pregnancy, regardless of the method and duration, is severe stress for the body. The longer the period in which the abortion was performed or the miscarriage occurred, the higher the likelihood of failure. Pregnancy is a complex process of restructuring the entire body. If a woman has an abortion, then the hormonal system loses its guidelines. In a short term, removal of the fertilized egg and trophoblast leads to a sharp decrease in progesterone. This requires a response from the pituitary gland - stimulating the production of estrogen in order to restore the endometrium and begin to grow a new follicle. Sometimes this process is delayed and the cycle gets disrupted.

Diagnostics

II. METHODS, APPROACHES AND PROCEDURES FOR DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT List of basic and additional diagnostic measures Basic (mandatory) diagnostic examinations carried out at the outpatient level: collection of complaints, medical history; physical examination. Additional diagnostic examinations performed on an outpatient basis: • CBC; • OAM; • rectovaginal examination (if retrocervical endometriosis is suspected); • Ultrasound of the pelvic organs (malformations of the uterus in adolescents experiencing dysmenorrhea in the first 6 months from the onset of menstruation (I,A)[2], uterine fibroids, endometriosis, ovarian cystomas) (III-B)[3]). The minimum list of examinations that must be carried out when referring for planned hospitalization: • CBC; • OAM; • Wasserman reaction in blood serum; • determination of HIV p24 antigen in blood serum using the ELISA method; • determination of HbeAg of hepatitis B virus in blood serum using the ELISA method; • determination of total antibodies to the hepatitis C virus in blood serum using the ELISA method; • Ultrasound of the pelvic organs • ECG. Basic (mandatory) diagnostic examinations carried out at the inpatient level (in case of emergency hospitalization, diagnostic examinations not carried out at the outpatient level are carried out): • CBC; • OAM; • Wasserman reaction in blood serum; • determination of HIV p 24 antigen in blood serum by ELISA method; • Ultrasound of the pelvic organs Additional diagnostic examinations performed at the hospital level: not performed. Diagnostic measures carried out at the emergency stage: not carried out. Diagnostic criteria [4,5,6,7] Complaints: • pain in the lower abdomen of a cramping nature, aching, tugging, bursting, sometimes radiating to the rectum, appendage area, bladder; • irritability, anorexia or bulimia, depression, drowsiness, insomnia, odor intolerance, taste perversion, nausea, vomiting, belching, hiccups, chills, feeling hot, sweating, hyperthermia, dry mouth, frequent urination, tenesmus; • fainting, headache, dizziness, heart pain, coldness and a feeling of numbness in the arms and legs, swelling of the eyelids and face; feeling of “wobbly” legs, general severe weakness, itchy skin, joint pain, swelling, polyuria, etc.; History: all the above symptoms appear during menstruation and disappear after they stop. 12.2 Physical examinations: bloating, tachycardia, bradycardia, extrasystole, swelling in the arms and legs before menstruation. Vaginal examination: with primary dysmenorrhea, no pathology is detected. Indications for consultation with specialists: • consultation with a therapist in case of severe pain syndrome in order to exclude pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract; • consultation with a surgeon in case of severe pain in order to exclude surgical pathology; • consultation with a psychologist in the presence of an asthenic state, decreased memory and performance.

How can you influence the cycle?

Treatment of menstrual irregularities depends on the causes of the disease. Therefore, high-quality diagnostics are necessary, which includes:

• medical examination;
• hormone tests;
• Ultrasound of the pelvis.

Additional methods depend on the data obtained at the initial stage. The treatment uses an integrated approach.

• Pills . Medicines prescribed for menstrual irregularities most often belong to the group of hormones. In case of luteal phase deficiency, Duphaston, Utrozhestan or progesterone injections are used. For hyperprolactinemia, Bromocriptine and Dostinex are used. If Sheehan syndrome has developed, then complex hormonal treatment is necessary.
• Vitamins. Vitamin therapy for menstrual irregularities involves prescribing a complex of active substances or individual vitamins A, E, C, as well as folic acid. Some doctors suggest distributing them depending on the hormonal phase.
• Folk remedies. Herbal treatment can be used to normalize the cycle. The hog uterus can increase the volume and duration of bleeding. And nettle, on the contrary, is reduced. Chamomile is used as an anti-inflammatory agent. But with serious hormonal imbalances, herbal remedies are powerless.
• Hirudotherapy. According to reviews, leeches can be effective for endometriosis. But you shouldn’t place high hopes on this technique. It can only complement the main treatment. Like homeopathy, hirudotherapy has a placebo effect, so there is debate about its effectiveness.

To avoid signs of menstrual irregularities, it is necessary to take care of prevention. It includes protection from sexually transmitted infections, protection from unwanted pregnancies instead of subsequent abortions. Proper nutrition, emotional balance and treatment of concomitant diseases will preserve reproductive health.

Algomenorrhea

Algodismenorrhea is manifested by sharp cramping or aching pain in the lower abdomen, in the sacral and lumbar regions during menstruation. Often the pain radiates to the thighs.

The pain is accompanied by general weakness, nausea, vomiting, dyspeptic symptoms, and sleep disturbances. Pain begins five to seven days before the start of the menstrual cycle and continues in its first days.

More often, algodismenorrhea occurs in teenage girls and young unmarried women. With the onset of menstruation, the pain usually disappears on its own.

There is a term “ Algomenorrhea ”, which means the main pain syndrome of varying intensity that accompanies menstruation. It manifests itself as cramping or aching pain in the lower abdomen on the first day or throughout the entire menstruation.

Severe pain can significantly worsen a woman’s well-being and limit her activity. More often it is a concomitant symptom of diseases of the female genital area: developmental anomalies and inflammatory processes of the genital organs, endometriosis.

Treatment of the underlying pathology is important in the prognosis.

Other symptoms of algodismenorrhea of ​​both its varieties:

1. headaches, sometimes reminiscent of migraines;
2. dizziness;
3. dorsalgia (back pain);
4. general weakness and decreased performance;
5. swelling of the face and limbs;
6. increased sweating.
7. bowel disorders - diarrhea or constipation;
8. anxiety, mood swings;

Causes

Algodismenorrhea can be primary or secondary. The causes of primary algodismenorrhea can be asthenia, endocrine disorders, neuropsychic factors, and physical inactivity.

Secondary algodysmenorrhea is associated with pathologies of the reproductive system resulting from inflammatory processes, endometriosis, tumors, abnormal position of the uterus and after other diseases of the female genital area.

The occurrence of algodismenorrhea is associated with increased production of prostaglandins and their release into the uterine cavity. This happens in the premenstrual period and during menstruation. As a result, spastic contractions of the uterus begin due to increased activity. At the same time, the nerve endings of the organ become more sensitive, and painful sensations appear.

Diagnostics

In diagnosis, it is important to identify or exclude pathology that causes painful menstruation. Diagnostic methods used:

1. General and gynecological examinations (what the woman looks like: exhausted, pale, irritable and tired). In the secondary form of the disease, palpation on the chair shows an enlarged uterus, infiltrates and inflamed areas; in the primary form there are no such changes.
2. Laboratory tests of blood and urine for secondary algodismenorrhea show an increase in the number of leukocytes, changes in hormone levels and other indicators characteristic of infectious-inflammatory or other pathologies.
3. Ultrasound makes it possible to detect pathological changes in the internal genital organs (presence of tumors, cysts, fibroids, inflammation of the appendages).
4. MRI can detect neoplasms; for primary dysmenorrhea, this method is not informative.
5. Diagnostic laparoscopy is rarely performed; it is indicated when treatment is ineffective.
6. Hysteroscopy is prescribed if adhesions in the uterus are suspected.
7. Encephalography is prescribed for severe headaches during menstruation to diagnose diseases of the central nervous system.

Treatment: gynecology

Treatment of algodismenorrhea is the competence of gynecology and a gynecologist; it consists in eliminating the causes that cause it; drugs are used to relieve pain: analgesics and tranquilizers.

Treatment largely depends on the root cause of the problem. In case of endometriosis, inflammation of the ovaries or other pathologies, the attending physician selects appropriate medications, tablets, remedies and treatment procedures - antibiotics, anti-adhesive agents, vitamins, and the necessary physiotherapeutic methods.

Once the underlying causative disease is eliminated, the symptoms of dysmenorrhea disappear.

Drugs for algodismenorrhea

When treating painful periods, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used, the action of which is aimed not only at relieving inflammation, but also at suppressing the production of prostaglandins, and therefore at overcoming pain.

They begin to be taken three to four days before the start of menstruation and end two to three days after it. Examples of such drugs are Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Piroxicam, Naproxen.

To relieve pain, medications that combine an antispasmodic and an analgesic are also effective - Trigan, Spazmalgon, Baralgin.

Drug treatment

In the drug treatment of menstrual irregularities, the following are also used:

1. antioxidants;
2. vitamins;
3. gestagens (progesterone, testosterone derivatives);
4. oral contraceptives (Ovidon, Marvelon, etc.) when NSAIDs and analgesics are ineffective;
5. tranquilizers are indicated for psychogenic algodismenorrhea;
6. sedatives.

In case of severe pain, painkillers are administered intramuscularly or even intravenously, supplementing treatment with antihistamines and sedatives.

Non-drug methods

Non-drug methods:

1. diadynamic currents (DDT);
2. breathing exercises;
3. acupuncture;
4. short-wave diathermy (SHF);
5. massage, manual therapy;
6. ultrasound;
7. phonophoresis;
8. electrophoresis with novocaine, magnesium sulfate, trimecaine.

Along the way: you need to have a healthy diet, normalize your work and rest schedule, eliminate or reduce stressful situations, moderate exercise and giving up bad habits, including addiction to coffee and smoking.

Homemade folk remedies for treating algodismenorrhea

At home, simple traditional medicine can help treat and cure menstrual irregularities in the form of algodismenorrhea. Despite the fact that this article was compiled according to official authoritative sources published in the free press and widely disseminated, be sure to consult a gynecologist!

People's Councils

During an attack of severe pain due to algodismenorrhea, the patient needs help. She should stay in bed, constantly holding heated towels, bags of hot sand or bran on her stomach and legs.

On the lower abdomen you can put bags filled with hot flax seed gruel, or compresses with hot semi-cooked barley or hay dust.

Compresses on the genitals relieve pain well (put a bag filled with warm, fresh, unsalted cottage cheese on the genitals overnight).

Recipes for eliminating menstrual irregularities

Gentian cruciform. Pour 2 teaspoons of dry crushed roots into three glasses of boiling water, simmer over low heat for 10 minutes, let steep for 1 hour, strain. Take 100 g 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.

Marsh marigold. The plant is poisonous! An aqueous infusion of a fresh plant is used (1:30). Brew 1 tablespoon of dry leaves per liter of water. Let it brew for 20 minutes, strain. Drink 1 teaspoon 3 times a day.

Cinquefoil goose. Boil 1 tablespoon of herb for 5 minutes in 200 g of water, let it brew for 1 hour, strain. Drink one-fourth of a glass 3-4 times a day before meals.

Water pepper decoction. Pour 2 tablespoons of chopped leaves and stems into 0.5 liters of boiling water, boil for 10 minutes in a sealed container, cool, strain. Drink 100 g 3 times a day before meals.

Decoction of elecampane root. Pour 1 teaspoon of chopped root with a glass of boiling water, let it brew for 1 hour, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 4 times a day.

Decoction of common lilac seeds. Pour 1 teaspoon into 500 g of water, boil over low heat in a sealed container for 15 minutes, cool, strain. Drink 100 g every morning 15–20 minutes before meals.

Common wormwood (Chernobyl). Cut the fresh or dried root into small pieces (or grate), add 500 g of water, boil for 5 minutes. Let it brew for 1 hour, strain. Drink 100–150 g 3–4 times a day.

Horsetail. Brew 1 tablespoon of horsetail with 300 g of water. Let it brew for 1 hour, strain. Take 50-100 g every two hours. When the pain begins to subside, reduce the dose to 50 g 3 times a day.

Collection 1: equal parts by weight of buckthorn bark, lemon balm leaves, valerian root, cinquefoil herb. Pour 1 tablespoon of the mixture with 1 glass of boiling water, let it brew, covered, for 5 hours, strain. Drink 1 glass 4 times a day for 5 days before your period.

Collection 2 : Prepare a collection: knotweed grass, horsetail grass, centaury grass, cinquefoil grass in a ratio of 1: 1: 3: 5. Brew a tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of boiling water, let it brew for 1 hour, strain. Sip throughout the day. Take 10 days for painful periods.

Collection 3:

1. cloves 3 g;
2. cinnamon 5 g;
3. chamomile color 50 g.

Pour the collection with 3 liters of water and boil over low heat in a sealed container for 30 minutes. Strain. Drink half a glass 3 times a day for pain.

Collection 4:

1. valerian root – 1 part;
2. calamus rhizome – 1 part;
3. Aralia Manchurian rhizome – 1 part;
4. caraway fruits – 3 parts;
5. calendula flowers – 1 part;
6. chamomile flowers – 2 parts.

Pour 2 tablespoons of the crushed collection mixture into 2 cups of boiling water, cook for 3 minutes, cool, strain. Drink one third of a glass 3 times a day before meals for 2-3 months.

Recommendations

For algodismenorrhea, instead of water, it is useful to drink a decoction of pre-roasted (to the color of coffee) flax seeds and chamomile flowers - pour two tablespoons of each component into 1 liter of boiling water, cook over low heat in a sealed container for 10 minutes, cool, strain. Sweeten with honey or sugar to taste. Add a slice of lemon.

In the treatment of primary algodismenorrhea, psychotherapy is effective: explaining the naturalness of menstrual bleeding and the minor discomfort that accompanies it.

Medicines used include restoratives, antispasmodics, vitamins, and hydrotherapy.

Hardening and restorative procedures are indicated (walking, skiing and skating, swimming, rowing, cycling).

Bibliography

List of references for writing the article:

1. Big medical encyclopedia. – M.: Eksmo Publishing House, 2006. – 864 p.
2. on this topic.
3. Danikov N.I. 365 recipes of traditional medicine. - M: RIPOL CLASSIC, 2003. - 608 pp. - (Your secret).
4. Home medical encyclopedia. Ch. ed. V. I. Pokrovsky. In one volume. Abortion - Foot and mouth disease. – M.: “Medicine”, 1993. – 496 p. from illus. NPO "Medical Encyclopedia" 1993.
5. Mashkovsky M.D. Medicines. In two parts. Part 1. – 12th ed., revised. and additional – M.: Medicine, 1993. – 736 p. Publishing house "Medicine", Moscow, 1977.
6. Mashkovsky M.D. Medicines. In two parts. Part II. – 12th ed., revised. and additional – M.: Medicine, 1993. – 688 p. Publishing house "Medicine", Moscow, 1977.
7. Sementsov Anatoly. 2000 spells and recipes of traditional medicine. 138 pp.
8. Uzhegov G.N. Large family encyclopedia of traditional medicine. – M.: OLMA Media Group, OLMA-PRESS Education. 2006. – 1200 p. – (Life and health). ZAO OLMA Media Group, edition, 2006.
9. Uzhegov G.N. People's medical book. The best recipes of traditional medicine. – M.: Arnadiya, 1998. – 352 p. /Medicine for everyone.
10. Uzhegov G. N. Official and traditional medicine. The most detailed encyclopedia. – M.: Eksmo Publishing House, 2012.
11. Encyclopedia of traditional methods of treatment. – St. Petersburg: printing house named after. I. E. Kotlyakova Ministry of Press and Information of the Russian Federation, 361 p.
12. Yukalo T.N. Large reference book of traditional medicine - 2000 recipes. – M.: CREDO Publishing Center, 2008. – 391, ill.

Source: https://alcostad.ru/algodismenoreya-narushenie-menstrualnogo-tsikla/

Reviews

I started having this problem about 1 year ago. The cycle has completely broken down. My period doesn't come for 4 months. When I started visiting doctors, I was told that there were problems either with hormones or with the ovaries.

Alyona Sinica, https://detkam.su/forum/57-606-1

I think it's hormonal. I had this after I got nervous when I was studying at the university, the delay was 2 weeks, I already ran to the gynecologist, I thought I was pregnant, but everything turned out okay. Irregular periods can be due to depression, nervousness and other feminine troubles.

My menstrual cycle was restored when I started eating foods containing iodine (seaweed, etc.). I have been a vegetarian for more than four years.

Algomenorrhea: what is it in women

Quite a large number of women around the world suffer from painful sensations during menstruation. Some of the fair sex experience this sensation from the moment of menarche, that is, the first day of their first menstruation in their lives.

In some cases, painful sensations during menstruation can be harbingers of some truly serious pathological conditions, and many of them can seriously harm health without timely medical intervention.

What is algomenorrhea?

The pathology of algodismenorrhea is a disorder of the ovarian-menstrual cycle, which is characterized by the presence of painful menstruation. Algodysmenorrhea is not a diagnosis, but only a condition that appears for various reasons.

Algomenorrhea and its types

Indeed, there are many women who feel this condition since the start of menstruation. If these symptoms are not associated with organic lesions, then the nature of such algodismenorrhea is functional, and this is what is called primary algodismenorrhea. Primary algomenorrhea is caused by increased production of prostaglandins in the woman’s body. In this case, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug can be used a few days before the day of the expected menstruation. This group of drugs block the release of prostaglandins, and accordingly prevent such strong and painful uterine contractions. Contraceptives can be used for algomenorrhea to correct hormonal levels.

Dysmenorrhea - description, causes, symptoms (signs), diagnosis, treatment.

Short description

Dysmenorrhea (menstrual cramps) is pain in the suprapubic region that occurs shortly before and during menstruation. Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) - there are no pathological signs on physical examination. Secondary dysmenorrhea (SD) is a consequence of organic changes, the pain is often more pronounced than with PD. Statistical data. The frequency of observation is 40% of adult women.

Causes

Etiology • PD - a 2–7-fold increase in the production of Pg and other mediators that cause uterine ischemia as a result of platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction, irregular contractions of myometrial fibers exerting pressure exceeding the systemic one • PD •• Congenital anomalies of the uterus and vagina •• Cervical stenosis •• Endometriosis •• Tumors of the pelvic organs (especially leiomyoma).

Risk factors • PD •• No history of childbirth •• Family history of dysmenorrhea • VD •• Pelvic infections (including sexually transmitted diseases) •• Endometriosis.

Symptoms (signs)

Clinical picture

• Mild degree - a feeling of discomfort, moderate compressive pain, heaviness in the suprapubic area on the 1st day of menstruation, no other symptoms.

• Moderate degree - a feeling of discomfort in the first 2-3 days of menstruation, unexpressed pain, accompanied by mild malaise, diarrhea, and headache.

• Severe degree - intense cramping pain for 2-7 days, pain in the lumbar region, hips, headache.

• Differences between PD and VD •• PD - painful sensations begin simultaneously with menstruation and last 1-3 days, the pain is cramping or throbbing, localized in the lower abdomen, often radiating to the lower back and anterior thighs •• VD - pain often occurs within 1 –2 days before menstruation, the nature depends on the specific cause (endometriosis, genitourinary tract infections, etc.); history of disease onset 12–24 months after menarche; During physical examination, it is possible to detect a morphological substrate.

Diagnostics

Research methods - ultrasound, laparoscopy, examination for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

Differential diagnosis • Infections of the pelvic and genitourinary tract • Complicated pregnancy • Spontaneous abortion • Ectopic pregnancy • Neoplasms of the uterus and ovaries • Endometriosis.

Treatment

TREATMENT

Management tactics • VD - treatment of infections; suppression of endometrial growth if endometriosis is suspected • Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Surgery. The extent of the operation depends on the location of endometriosis and the extent of its spread; for adenomyosis - supravaginal amputation of the uterus or extirpation if the cervix is ​​affected.

Drug therapy • Drugs of choice •• NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen 400–600 mg every 4–6 hours or naproxen 550 mg every 12 hours, or •• acetylsalicylic acid 650 mg every 4–6 hours •• Oral contraceptives, such as ethinyl estradiol +gestodene, ethinyl estradiol+dienogest, ethinyl estradiol+levonorgestrel • Alternative drugs •• For endometriosis - buserelin 0.2% 150 mcg in each nostril 3 times a day (total 900 mcg per day) •• For severe cases - danazol 400 mg /day for 6 months, or gestrinone 2.5 mg twice a week for 6 months.

Algomenorrhea: code according to ICD 10

There is an international classification that includes a list of all pathological conditions, which are divided into categories and assigned their own codes. Doctors all over the world, through this classification, can immediately determine what type of disease a woman has using the specified code.

This condition has its place in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision.

This pathological condition belongs to a heading called N. Subsection 94.

The number N94.0 encodes pain that occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle.

This pathological condition is hidden under the code N94.1. Like dyspareunia, that is, painful sexual intercourse due to a large number of nuances. Which can give symptoms of varying severity. However, this section does not include such a nosology as dyspareunia of a psychogenic nature. All such conditions associated with mental disorders are encoded in heading F. Namely F52.6, denoting psychogenic dyspareunia. This is an exclusively psychiatric field that obstetrician-gynecologists cannot fight.

N94.2 in this group, this code hides a pathological condition such as vaginismus. This is a contraction of the muscles of the vestibule of the vagina, which interferes with normal sexual relations. Corresponding to the previous state. Psychogenic vaginismus belongs to a completely different subgroup and is coded as F52.5. This condition requires an integrated approach both from gynecologists, but more from neurologists and psychiatrists.

Algodismenorrhea: microbial 10

Primary algomenorrhea ICD code 10 has heading N 94.4. a condition characterized by painful menstruation from adolescence. The pain can also have varying intensity, but is present almost from the moment the girl’s first menstruation in her life.

Secondary algodismenorrhea, ICD 10 code has N94.5 and is characterized by acquired nuances of pain during menstrual bleeding.

This means that for some time the woman did not complain about such symptoms during the endometrial desquamation phase, but at a certain moment she felt pain of varying intensity.

Unspecified algomenorrhea is defined by ICD 10 as N94.6.

In addition to the division approved by the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, there is also a distribution of such conditions according to the severity of the condition.

1. Compensated algodismenorrhea, which does not change its signs of pain severity over time.
2. The decompensated form of this condition is characterized by an increase in the intensity of symptoms, leading to a disruption in the quality of life of the fair sex.

Symptoms and signs of the disease

The clinical picture of the pathological condition is quite typical for all variants of the disease. The main symptom of algodismenorrhea is pain in the lower abdomen, which can radiate to the lower back, hips, and can be felt in the ovaries, uterus, or completely cover the abdominal area.

The type of pain is pulling, cramping, pressing, aching, bursting. How intense the pain syndrome is depends on the individual state of the body.

In some cases, the course of the disease becomes more complicated: body temperature rises, general weakness, sweating, headaches, dizziness, fainting appear, and physical disability is lost. Some women suffer from nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and bloating. Possible itching of the genitals, release of large amounts of blood.

The pain can be very intense, which requires calling an ambulance with possible hospitalization. Doctors fill out a call card, which includes personal information and the reason for feeling unwell.

Algomenorrhea: treatment, drugs

Before treating painful menstruation, a woman must consult an obstetrician-gynecologist for a comprehensive examination and identify the cause. Why the process of menstruation is painful. If, based on the results of the examination, the cause, as such, was not identified, then we can talk about true algodismenorrhea and fight against it. The cause of too painful menstruation is increased synthesis and release of prostaglandins.

It is in order to block this source of discomfort that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, nurofen, amelotex) are prescribed. And also antispasmodics in the form of platyphylline, drotaverine (no-shpy), spasmalgon.

Prevention of algomenorrhea

In order to eliminate painful menstruation, it is necessary to prevent gynecological pathologies that lead to such consequences, as well as regularly visit an obstetrician-gynecologist to identify processes in the early stages. In case of true algodismenorrhea, it is indicated 2-3 days before the date of expected menstruation to start taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as blockers of the adverse effects of prostaglandins on the reproductive and, very importantly, the nervous system.

Complications.

In case of intensive course or residual effects, when the inflammatory process in the uterus has not stopped, the most dangerous complication is in case of algodismenorrhea - infertility . It occurs due to the lack of ovulation in the uterus.

During surgical intervention, infertility algodismenorrhea is most often caused by complete removal of the uterus and ovaries.

With a timely diagnosis and prescribed treatment, the disease is treated quite successfully, especially for algodismenorrhea in adolescents, who must undergo annual examinations by a gynecologist upon the onset of their first menstruation. In addition, self-development will help you better understand the possible causes of the disease and answer the main question: algodismenorrhea - what is it.

Tags: Algomenorrhea

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